An ever-growing cityĭuring the fourteenth century, London’s port became a European hub for the distribution of goods. This and the rise of trade in the area were two decisive factors in London's emergence as the capital of England. However, the institutions of central government were moved to Westminster, close to London. In 1199, King John reinforced the city's self-government, and in 1215 the city could elect a different mayor every year.įor many years, England had no capital city. The Tower of London was built during William's reign. In 1067, following the Norman invasion and conquering of England, the city's existing rights, laws and privileges were established by the newly crowned King of England, William Duke of Normandy. The town’s wealth and power attracted the Danish Great Heathen Army, which besieged the city until it was captured by King Alfred the Great in 886. As a consequence, Danish settlers established themselves in the area, encouraging trade and opening businesses in the town, transforming it into the first urban centre of England. During the third century, Londinium, the name given to the town by the Romans, had a population of 50,000, mainly due to the influence of its major port.Īs a consequence of repeated Anglo-Saxon invasions during the fifth century, Londinium declined and during the eighth century it became the capital of the Kingdom of Essex.ĭuring the ninth century, the town suffered numerous Viking attacks. The city of London was founded by the Romans and their rule extended from 43 AD to the fifth century AD, when the Empire fell.

The city has used its privileged location in southeastern England to its advantage, having always been a densely populated and wealthy area. It is the seat of the Government of the United Kingdom and the country’s financial centre. London is situated on the banks of the River Thames.

London global city tourism